Carburetor



Dec. 26, 1933. R JOHNSQN 1,940,801

CARBURETOR Original Filed OCT.. 7, 1924 42 55 44` www" 50 47 4 INVENTOR REINHOLD JOHNSON Patented Dec. 26, 1933 CABBURETOB Reinhold Johnson, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Substitute for application Serial No. 742,151,

October 7, 1924. This application August 20, 1931. Serial No. 558,224 l Claims. (Cl. 261-99) This invention relates to carburetors and pertains especially to the type thereof wherein the drawing, wherein like parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the several air passing therethru is divided into branch curviews. rents. Inthe said drawing: Y I This application is a substitute of. this in- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an 3 ventors former application, which was filed October '7, 1924, and renewed December 24, 1928, under Serial Number 742,151 which latter case was allowed and forfeited.

One object of the invention is the production of a carbureting device through which is passed the entire volume of air employed in the intake charge, this air being divided within a surrounding casing into two currents, one of minor extent flowing in a short and narrow path and utilized to break up and distribute the liquid fuel; and a. major one following a longer but wider course. The latter current which is preferably arranged to pass below the one first mentioned, serves to carry upon and along with it such fuel particles that have escaped atomization by the minor current.

Still another object is the provision in a device of the character above described, of means for catching particles of fuel that may happen to drop or sink through the major air current and holding these particles until they in their turn become atomized or carried forward by the air sweeping past.

A still further object resides in providing a device of the kind referred to, with primary and secondary capillary passages for elevating and comminuting the fuel to be acted upon by the minor air-current, in order that the fuel particles may be quickly and readily broken up for purposes of atomization.

An additional object consists in producing a device of the nature set forth wherein closure means coact with the delivery ends of the before mentioned capillary passages for regulating the amount of comminuted fuel issuing therefrom.

A general object is to provide means of the kind referred to, which shall be productive of the best results, although composed of the fewest possible tention, and capable of continuous and reliable operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the specification proceeds.

With the aforesaid objects in view, the invention consists of the novel combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described in their preferred embodiments, pointed out in the subjoined claims, and illustrated on the annexed and simplest parts, requiring a minimum of at-` atomizing device, used preferably in conjunction with this improved carburetor;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction pointed out by the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a. front elevation of a detail of a capillary member shown in the above-named views;'

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, viewed in the direction of the thereto appertaining arrows; and

Fig. 5 is a plan view of another detail pertaining to a retrieving element appearing in Fig. 1.

Beferringnw to the several views for a detailed description of the construction thereby exemplified, it will be noted first, that the known 7 parts of a carburetor wherewith the new elements *of this device are associated and coact, have been designated by letters of reference, instead of numerals as are used to denote the present imso provexnents.

Of these reference letters, A denotes a casing wherein is contained a float B, which cooperates in a well-knownumanner with a spindle C, the lower extremityfwhereof constitutes a valve D that controls the admission of liquid fuel through a socket fitting E, into said casing. The latter is preferably formed integral with a bowl designated by the numeral 11, which bowl as shown in Fig. 1, has its side wall 12 conforming in a lengthwise direction to a return bend. In transverse section the bowl 11 may have a quadrilateral shape, being bounded by end walls 13 as seen best from Fig. 2.

The upper edge of this bowl is surrounded by anges 15, and cross-wise thereof reaches a bridge 16 having side-wise Projecting lips 17 flush with the perimetral anges mentioned. Below the surface of the bridge 15 is a shallow pan-like depression 18, substantiallyinthe middle whereof is a cavity 19. The latter communicates through a port opening 21 with a channel 22, the lower end of which is closed by a removable plug 23. From the bottom of the casing A leads a. passage 25 intersecting said channel 22 at 26 and having its outer extremity kept shut by a stop-screw 2'7. Both the channel and said passage 25 extend within a cross-shaped connection 28, preferably formed integral with the bowl 11 and the oat casing, it being an easy matter to clean these canals, simply by removing their said end closures.

Underneath and at one side thereof the bridge 16 is thickened and swelled out, as indicated at 30, and provided with a bore wherein is rotatably guided a spindle 3l, the reduced and tapered inner terminal 32 of which constitutes a needlevalve that ccacts with the adjacent edge of the port 21, to control the flow of fuel therethrough to the shallow depression 18. On the exterior of one of the walls 13, in apposition to the thiol;- ened portion 30, there is a hollow boss or protuberance 34, formed externally and interiorly with screw-threads 35 and 36, respectively. The latter named threads are relieved or counterbored at the mouth or entrance of said boss 34, as represented at 37, for the purpose that will later onbepointed out. I

A sle've 39 similarly provided with internal and exterior threads, has the last mentioned ones thereof in engagement with those on the interior of the hollow boss 34. .approximately the outer half 40 of this sleeve is cylindrically smooth surfaced, and portion of its inner end is entered into the counter bore 37 of the said boss. Beyond the enlargement 30, the spindle 31 is formed with screw-threads 42 adapted to engage the internal threads of the sleeve 39, being longitudinally adjustable relatively thereto. The adjusting means may consist as shown, of a pin 43 set across the outer terminal of the said spindle and constituting a manipulating grip therefor. From the outboard or overhung extremity of the sleeve 39 projects laterally thereof, an arm 44, the free end 45 whereof aifords a leverage in applying manual or mechanical power, in order to move the said slW e and the therewith connected spindle 81, ariel At 46 is indicated a thu i i screwed up tightly against the outer end face of the said sleeve serves 'to lock the same and the spindle together. .ftwill thus be understood that arcuate motion 44, will either cause the valve 32 'to approach the port 21 or recede therefrom, depending of course upon the direction the sleeve 39 is rocked or turned within the threads of the hollow 34. Adjustment of the spindle with respect to the sleeve can be made independently of the cillatory movement given 'to the latter, and preldetermines the interrelative setting between the said valve 32 and its seat upon the edge the said port 21.

The boss 34 has its external threads iV over by those formed internally of a nut 47, same being adapted to press a packing 43 agai st both the outer end of the said bossyand the smooth surface 40 of the sleeve 39, in order to maintain a liquid tight joint therewith..

Overlying the perimetral flanges l5 of the bowl 11 and coacting therewith, are anges 50 pertaining to a hood or cover 51. The latter as shown, has right-angularly diferging, rimmed openings 52, 53. Of these openings, 52 which by preference faces upwardly, communicates with one side of the said bowl, in this instance the one at the left, and aords an inlet for the entire volume of air that is to be passed to the cylinder of an internal combustion motor. The other opening 53 which leads from the right-hand side of the said bowl 1l provides a delivery the before-mentioned air, after the saine has become mixed with fuel, in the manner presently to be described. From the foregoing, it is apparent that the bowl 11 and the .hood 51, together form to the top of the said wick, being thus in communication with the recess 18 thereunder. The said ducts which are spaced at certain intervals apart widthwise or side by side in a row, are also disposed transversely with relation to the wick 55, having their upper terminals increased or widened in both directions, as denoted at 59, S0. Part of the air that is drawn into the inlet 52 through suction produced by movement of the piston in the engine cylinder, flows somewhat according to a path indicated by an arrow The open ends 59 which face this branch current, receive and conduct the same over the fuel that rises within the ducts 57, by virtue of the capillary action of the liquid, delivering the latter in a finely comminuted state of spray out of the other ends 60. The secondary ducts 58 are located intermediate of the primary ones, and consist preferably of grooves of about equal depth to the upper terminals 59, 60, reaching in conformity therewith, from one side to the other of the wick. The liquid fuel which overflows from the upper ends of the prmaryducts is caught in the secondary grooves, in position to be acted upon by the air blowing therethrough as well.

Spaced a short distance above the upper or crown face of the wick 55, is the underside of a ridge-piece 6l, held inverted against the inner side of the top wall of the hood 51, as by screws The purpose of this depending ridge is to cause the air flowing over the ducts to closely follow their open ends. And, by either removing material from the contacting`face of said ridge with the hood, or else interposing shims therebetween, the const ricted and elongated intermediate the adjacent faces of the piece 61 and the top of the wick 55 can be ed to suit.. it will be perceived upon inspection of Figs. 2 and 3, that the faces last referred to, are sloping, i. e., the extreme transverse limits'of the capillary wick and the ridge-piece are of varying height or depth. The object of this arrangement is to compensate for the pitch at which an engine is set in a boat, in order to align with its propeller shaft, as the latter is generally depressed a given number of degrees at` there is no necessity of inclining the coacting air guiding faces of the wick and the ridgepiece.

While the normal level of the fuel within the wick 55, is maintained by the float B approximately along a dot and dash line g, the capillary action of the liquid inside of the primaryducts 57, causes it to rise up to about the widened ends 59 thereof. The air rushing through the interstices between the wick and the ridge-piece and also over the tops of the endwise open channels 59, picks up the liquid-fuel standing in the upper terminals of the ducts 57. Some of this fuel will spill or welter into the secondary ducts 58, but all of it will be blown out in a finely atomized spray or nlm, following substantially a path denoted byan arrow h. The ,major portion of the air which has ventered the inlet 52, flows according to a longer but less obstructed courseV 4and secondary capillary ducts, being slidable opposite the same, for instance by a rod 65 guided through a boss 66 formed with the top wall of the hood 51. On the exterior of the latter named wall, there is also provided a forked lug 67, between the bifurcations of which is suitably pivoted a bell-crank lever 68, having one end 69 thereof coupled up with the gate actuating rod 65, as by means of a pin and slot connection, shown in the upper right-hand portion of Fig. 1. The action of the said gate 64 is to choke off both the air andy the fuel conjointly, by reason of the fact that the less air is permited to flow out by way of the delivery ends 60, the smaller will be the amount of the fuel dragged along with it.

When this atomizing device is operating at nearly full capacity, that is, if the engine cylinder wherewith it coacts, is drawing about a normal supply of charge therethrough, it may happen that some of the larger drops of fuel from the spray delivered, will sink or fall through the major current of the air flowing according to the path k. In order to intercept these drops and prevent them from finding their way to and lodge upon the bottom of the bowl 11, where the air would merely pass over the surface of the again liquefied spray, a grating 70 is provided. As seen most clearly from Fig. 1, this grating is formed with a ledge 71, which as shown, may be laid over the adjacent flange of the wick 55, being held in position, as for example by the same means that fastens the latter in place.

The opposite or free ends of spaced apart bars 73 that constitute the grating, rest upon the inside face of the proximate flange 15 of the bowl 11. This it Will vbe seen, that particles of liquid or spray of fuel which may happen to be blown or fall thereonto, are caught both on top and by the sides of said bars 73, and will adhere thereto until evaporated or carried away by themajor air current. As the same rushes through the spaces intermediate the said bars, a slight vacuum is formed on top of the latter, which materially assists in the breaking up of the fuel. The aggregate area of the spacesbetween the bars 73 is of sufficient proportions so as not to interfere with the flow of the major air current therethru.

From the foregoing it will be evident that this carburetor not only is of simple and efficient construction, but also the gaseous mixture in passing therethrough is enabled to maintain an average uniform speed. Furthermore, the atomizer per se is devoid of intricate and delicate parts, so that the danger of anything becoming disarranged is eliminated. Besides, a minimum of adjustments and regulations is required.

While a certain preferred embodiment of this invention has been shown and described, it will be understood that changes in the form, arrangements, proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having now described the invention, what is claimed as new and for which Letters Patent of the United States is desired, is:-

1. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet, a member extending across said chamber and dividing the latter into major and minor passages both of which communicate with said outlet, the said minor passage comprising a broad and thin space with capillary ducts leading thereto, and means for admitting fuelto said ducts.

2. A carburetor in which the fuel is atomized by an airstream comprising a chamber having an air inlet and outlet, a metallic member extending'across said chamberv between the inlet and outlet, the said member having a plurality of narrow open channels therein separated by non-absorbent walls and extending in the direction of air flow, and means for admitting fuel and air to said channels.

3. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet, a partition extending across said chamber between the inlet and outlet, said partition having a narrow slit therethrough for the reception of a thin nlm of fuel, said member having channels therein communicating with said slit and extending laterally through said patition, and means for admitting fuel to said sli A 4. In a carburetor, afuel feeding member in said carburetor in the path of air now, channels arranged relatively close together in said member and extending in the direction of the flow, ducts leading to certain of said channels, and means for supplying fuel to said ducts.

5. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet, a member extending across said chamber and dividing the latter into major and minor passages, the major passage being of substantially U-shape and both of said 115 passages communicating with the outlet, means for supplying fuel to said minor passage, and a grating extending across said major passage adjacent the junction of the passages on the outlet side of the carburetor. v

6. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet, a member lin said chamber dividing the latter into major and minor passages leading to the outlet, means for feeding fuel to said minor passage, and a grating com- 125 posed of bars relatively wide in the direction of the flow therebetween, said grating being disposed in said major passage near saidy outlet and adjacent to the discharge end of said minor passage.

7. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet. a trough-like element extending across said chamber, a member seated on said element and formed with capillary ducts, the lower ends of the latter communicating with 135 the trough of the element, the combined element and member dividing the chamber into major and minor passages communicating with said outlet, the minor one of said passages consisting of a relatively wide and vthin space, the 140 upper ends of said ducts leading into said space, and means for admitting fluid into the troughlike element to supply the said ducts.

8. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and anoutlet, a member reaching 115 terminating in grooves extending laterally of the member, the open tops of said grooves facing said space, and means for admitting iuel to the said ducts.

9. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet and an outlet, a member reaching across said chamber dividing it into major and minor-passages both whereof communicate with said outlet, the minor one of said passages including a wide and thin space, the upper face of said member being provided with grooves extending laterally thereof and turned towards said space, the member being formed with capillary ducts communicating with alternate grooves, and means for admitting fuel to said ducts, the ductless grooves serving to receive the overilow from those thereof to which the fuel is admitted.

, 10. A carburetor comprising a chamber having an air inlet andan outlet, a member extending across said chamber dividing the same into ma- Jor and minor passages communicating with said outlet, said member being formed with capillary ducts, the upper ends of said ducts terminating in grooves disposed laterally of the member, an element interposed between the top of the chamber and the upper side of the said member in oiset relation to the latter, in order to provide a wide and thin space therebetween, the open tops of said grooves facing said space, and means for admitting fuel to the said ducts.

aamnonn JOHNSON. 

